Code
DECLARE  @sql VARCHAR(8000) 
    set @sql ='select student AS [学生名] ' 
    select @sql = @sql + ',MAX(CASE type WHEN '''+type+''' THEN scores END) ['+type+']'
    from (SELECT  DISTINCT  type   FROM  A  ) as a

    exec(@sql+'  from A group by student order by student desc')

Code
declare @index int, @count int, @name int, @cscore int, @mscore int;
create table #T(Index int primary key auto, Name varchar(20), ChineseScore int, MathScore int);
insert into #T(Name) values(
select distinct Name from sourceTable
);
select min(Index) into @index, max(Index) into @count from #T;
loop: if(@index <= @count)
begin
select Name into @name from #T where Index = @index;
select Score into @cscore from SourceTable where(Name = @name) and (type='chinese');
select Score into @mscore from SourceTable where(Name = @name) and (type='math');
update #T set ChineseScore = @cscore, MathScore = @mscore where Index = @index;
@index = @index + 1;
goto loop;
end
--return:
select Name, ChineseScore, MathScore from #T;

Code
--行列互转   
/******************************************************************************************************************************************************   
以学生成绩为例子，比较形象易懂   
  
整理人：中国风(Roy)   
  
日期:2008.06.06   
******************************************************************************************************************************************************/   
  
--1、行互列   
--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據   
    
if not object_id('Class') is null  
    drop table Class   
Go   
Create table Class([Student] nvarchar(2),[Course] nvarchar(2),[Score] int)   
Insert Class   
select N'张三',N'语文',78 union all  
select N'张三',N'数学',87 union all  
select N'张三',N'英语',82 union all  
select N'张三',N'物理',90 union all  
select N'李四',N'语文',65 union all  
select N'李四',N'数学',77 union all  
select N'李四',N'英语',65 union all  
select N'李四',N'物理',85    
Go   
--2000方法:   
动态:   
  
declare @s nvarchar(4000)   
set @s=''  
Select     @s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='+quotename([Course],'''')+' then [Score] else 0 end)'  
from Class group by[Course]   
exec('select [Student]'+@s+' from Class group by [Student]')   
  
  
生成静态:   
  
select    
    [Student],   
    [数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end)    
from    
    Class    
group by [Student]   
  
GO   
动态:   
  
declare @s nvarchar(4000)   
Select     @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course]   
exec('select * from Class pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')   
  
生成静态:   
select *    
from    
    Class    
pivot    
    (max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b   
  
生成格式:   
/*   
Student 数学          物理          英语          语文   
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------   
李四      77          85          65          65   
张三      87          90          82          78   
  
(2 行受影响)   
*/   
  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
go   
--加上总成绩(学科平均分)   
  
--2000方法:   
动态:   
  
declare @s nvarchar(4000)   
set @s=''  
Select     @s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='+quotename([Course],'''')+' then [Score] else 0 end)'  
from Class group by[Course]   
exec('select [Student]'+@s+',[总成绩]=sum([Score])  from Class group by [Student]')--加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))   
  
生成动态:   
  
select    
    [Student],   
    [数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end),   
    [总成绩]=sum([Score]) --加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))   
from    
    Class    
group by [Student]   
  
go   
  
--2005方法:   
  
动态:   
  
declare @s nvarchar(4000)   
Select     @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course] --isnull(@s+',','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个逗号   
exec('select [Student],'+@s+',[总成绩] from (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a   
pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b ')   
  
生成静态:   
  
select    
    [Student],[数学],[物理],[英语],[语文],[总成绩]    
from    
    (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a --平均分时用avg([Score])   
pivot    
    (max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b    
  
生成格式:   
  
/*   
Student 数学          物理          英语          语文          总成绩   
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------   
李四      77          85          65          65          292   
张三      87          90          82          78          337   
  
(2 行受影响)   
*/   
  
go   
  
--2、列转行   
--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據   
    
if not object_id('Class') is null  
    drop table Class   
Go   
Create table Class([Student] nvarchar(2),[数学] int,[物理] int,[英语] int,[语文] int)   
Insert Class   
select N'李四',77,85,65,65 union all  
select N'张三',87,90,82,78   
Go   
  
--2000:   
  
动态:   
  
declare @s nvarchar(4000)   
select @s=isnull(@s+' union all ','')+'select [Student],[Course]='+quotename(Name,'''')--isnull(@s+' union all ','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个union all   
+',[Score]='+quotename(Name)+' from Class'  
from syscolumns where ID=object_id('Class') and Name not in('Student')--排除不转换的列   
order by Colid   
exec('select * from ('+@s+')t order by [Student],[Course]')--增加一个排序   
  
生成静态:   
select *    
from (select [Student],[Course]='数学',[Score]=[数学] from Class union all    
select [Student],[Course]='物理',[Score]=[物理] from Class union all    
select [Student],[Course]='英语',[Score]=[英语] from Class union all    
select [Student],[Course]='语文',[Score]=[语文] from Class)t    
order by [Student],[Course]   
  
go   
--2005:   
  
动态:   
  
declare @s nvarchar(4000)   
select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename(Name)   
from syscolumns where ID=object_id('Class') and Name not in('Student')    
order by Colid   
exec('select Student,[Course],[Score] from Class unpivot ([Score] for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')   
  
go   
select    
    Student,[Course],[Score]    
from    
    Class    
unpivot    
    ([Score] for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b   
  
生成格式:   
/*   
Student Course Score   
------- ------- -----------   
李四      数学      77   
李四      物理      85   
李四      英语      65   
李四      语文      65   
张三      数学      87   
张三      物理      90   
张三      英语      82   
张三      语文      78   
  
(8 行受影响)   
*/