只需要修改 void test2(Motor &temp)=>void test2(const Motor &temp)

char* Motor::SMT(Motor &temp) => char* Motor::SMT(const Motor &temp) const

在dev c++中可以编译过，在vc 2008 不用修改就能编译过

修改过代码：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Vehicle
{
public:
Vehicle(float speed=0,int total=0)
{
Vehicle::speed = speed;
Vehicle::total = total;
}
protected:
float speed;//速度
int total;//最大载人量
};

class Motor
{
public:
Motor(char *motor)
{
Motor::motortype = motor;
}

char* SMT(const Motor &temp) const ;
protected:
char *motortype;//发动机型号
};
char* Motor::SMT(const Motor &temp) const
{
return temp.motortype;
}

class Car:public Vehicle//继承的体现
{
public:
Car(float speed,int total,int aird,char *motortype):Vehicle(speed,total),motor(motortype)
{
Car::aird = aird;
}

Motor rm(Car &temp);
protected:
int aird;//排量
Motor motor;//类组合的体现
};

Motor Car::rm(Car &temp)
{
return temp.motor;
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------
void test1(Vehicle &temp)
{
//中间过程省略
cout<<"qinbin"<<endl;
};
void test2(const Motor &temp)
{
cout << temp.SMT(temp);//读者这里注意一下,temp既是对象也是对象方法的形参
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------

int main()
{
Car a(150,4,250,"奥地利AVL V8");
test1(a);
// test2(a);//错误,Car类与Motor类无任何继承关系
//test2(a.rm(a));//如果Car类成员是public的那么可以使用test2(a.motor)
test2(a.rm(a));
cin.get();
}